{"id":147289,"date":"2006-09-18T11:55:52","date_gmt":"2006-09-18T10:55:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.allencarr.com\/articles\/smokernicotine-replacement-therapies\/"},"modified":"2024-11-25T17:14:11","modified_gmt":"2024-11-25T17:14:11","slug":"smokernicotine-replacement-therapies","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.allencarr.com\/en-us\/articles\/smokernicotine-replacement-therapies\/","title":{"rendered":"Smoker\/Nicotine Replacement Therapies"},"content":{"rendered":"    <section  class=\"container container--large article-container\">\n            <div class=\"article \">\n            <div class=\"article__sidebar\">\n                <div class=\"sidebar-inner-section author\">\n                    <div class=\"author__avatar\">\n                                                                                                            <img decoding=\"async\"\n     src=\"https:\/\/allen-carr-live.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/16103712\/author-john-dicey-200x200.jpeg\"\n             srcset=\"https:\/\/allen-carr-live.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/16103712\/author-john-dicey-50x50.jpeg 360w,\n             https:\/\/allen-carr-live.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/16103712\/author-john-dicey-100x100.jpeg 768w,\n             https:\/\/allen-carr-live.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/16103712\/author-john-dicey-200x200.jpeg 1440w,\n             https:\/\/allen-carr-live.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/16103712\/author-john-dicey.jpeg 2000w\"\n             alt=\"\"\n               \/>                                            <\/div>\n                    <span class=\"sidebar-sub-title\">Written By<\/span>\n                    <a class=\"u-text-underline\" href=\"https:\/\/www.allencarr.com\/en-us\/authors\/john-dicey\/\" title=\"John Dicey Bio\">\n                        <h5 class=\"author__author\">John Dicey<\/h5>\n                    <\/a>\n                                                                <h6 class=\"author__title sidebar-content\">Former Global Chief Executive Officer &#038; 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Nicotine replacement therapies have gained in significance for quitting smoking over the last 20 years. A new study published in the <span class=\"caps\">USA<\/span> and in which researchers from the Medical University of Vienna have played a leading role, shows that replacement therapies are not only often ineffective, but can even be damaging.<br><br>The nicotine replacement therapy <span class=\"caps\">NRT<\/span>, which has been used for some 20 years to help people quit smoking, was recently supplemented with additional nicotine preparations and new indications, even though long term studies have shown neither convincing nor measurable success. The consequences are multiple dependencies and the prolonging of the nicotine dependency. Yet replacement therapies are widely considered to be indispensable for quitting smoking \u2013 a view which has now been refuted by a study published in March by an internationally recognised group of toxicologists.<br><br>In particular, use by pregnant women and teenagers, as was officially recommended by the British Health Services in Great Britain last year, is criticised by the researchers because the toxic effects of nicotine are often swept under the carpet. \u201cNicotine, even in the form of replacement products, is a risk particularly for pregnant women and young people whose bodies are still developing\u201d, according to internist and environmental hygienist Professor Manfred Neuberger from the Medical University of Vienna who worked together with the University Center for Internal Medicine I on the study. \u201cNicotine occupies receptors in the nervous system and leads to an increase in these receptors in the brain and other organs. With pregnant women the nicotine from both the cigarettes and from the replacement products can have harmful effects on the development of the foetus and can disrupt the development of the lungs and brain.\u201d The prenatal influence of nicotine extends to \u2018Sudden Infant Death Syndrome\u2019 (<span class=\"caps\">SIDS<\/span>), to \u2018Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder\u2019 (<span class=\"caps\">ADHD<\/span>), emotional problems, as well as the behavior, thought processes and learning abilities of children. Depression and premature nicotine addiction have been observed later in teenagers.<br><br>However, nicotine replacement products are not without their risks even for healthy, non-pregnant adults. They decrease the extensibility of the arteries, cause diseases of the circulatory system, the kidneys and the retina, as well as stomach and duodenal complaints.<br><br>Nicotine also causes a variety of cancers. Although it was once considered to be non-carcinogenic, it has since been proven that nicotine promotes an increase in tumour cells and can inhibit them from dying off. \u201cFurthermore, it can also stimulate the regeneration of blood vessels supplying the tumour with blood. All three processes accelerate tumour growth and can therefore cause cancer. Long term nicotine intake could therefore inhibit the regression of the cancer risk which otherwise occurs in patients who successfully quit smoking\u201d, says Professor Schulte-Hermann.<br><br>Manfred Neuberger: \u201cWe all agree that the tobacco epidemic has to be quitted. Yet smoking cannot be overcome without the nicotine dependency being overcome at the same time. However, as long as nicotine products remain generally available and even unborn babies, children and teenagers are exposed to them, nicotine dependency, with all of its tragic consequences for mankind, will continue indefinitely in the future\u201d.<br><br>Journal publication: Ginzel KH, Maritz GS, Marks DF, Neuberger M, Pauly JR, Polito JR, Schulte-Hermann R, Slotkin TA 2007. Journal of Health Psychology 12, 2, 215-224.<br><br><span class=\"caps\">DOI<\/span>: 10.1177\/1359105307074240. http:\/\/hpq.sagepub.com\/cgi\/content\/abstract\/12\/2\/215<br><br>Published in March 2007<br><br>Brief biography:<br><br>Manfred <span class=\"caps\">NEUBERGER<\/span><br><br>University Professor, born 1946, Full Professor for Environmental Hygiene at the Medical University of Vienna, Doctorate in Medicine (1971), Specialist in Internal Medicine (1977), Specialist in Hygiene and Preventive Medicine (1980), Specialist in Occupational Medicine (1997). Postdoctoral qualification with the book \u201cNew Ways of Assessing the Risks of Air Pollutants\u201d (1980). Deputy Director at the University Institute for Environmental Hygiene. Deputy Medical Director of the Institute for Environmental Medicine for the City of Vienna (1989\u201399). Since 1992 Head of Department of General Preventive Medicine at the Institute for Environmental Hygiene at the University of Vienna. Consultant to the <span class=\"caps\">WHO<\/span> (<span class=\"caps\">IARC<\/span>, <span class=\"caps\">IPCS<\/span>,<span class=\"caps\">ECEH<\/span>), <span class=\"caps\">UNDP<\/span>, <span class=\"caps\">ILO<\/span>, EU (DG 12, <span class=\"caps\">ENSP<\/span>, <span class=\"caps\">ENYPAT<\/span>), Austrian ministries, Counsellor of Health, \u00d6BIG, chemical and environmental protection commissions. Director of various scientific associations (e.g.<span class=\"caps\">GHUP<\/span>, <span class=\"caps\">IUAPPA<\/span>, \u00d6GHMP, <span class=\"caps\">GAMED<\/span>, <span class=\"caps\">ASTOX<\/span>). 374 publications in specialist journals and books specializing in environmental and preventative medicine.<br><br><a href=\"http:\/\/www.meduniwien.ac.at\/user\/manfred.neuberger\/daten\/LIST.htm\">www.meduniwien.ac.at<\/a><br><br>Rolf Schulte <span class=\"caps\">HERMANN<\/span><br><br>University Professor for Toxicology, doctor of medicine, born 1939, pharmacist (Bonn, 1963) and medical doctor (Marburg\/D, 1970), postdoctoral qualification in Toxicology and Pharmacology 1975, 1974-1985 Professor at the Philipps-Universit\u00e4t Marburg, 1985 Professor at the University of Vienna, Director of the Cancer Research Institute at the University of Vienna 1985-2004, since 1985 Head of the Department of Toxicology, now Toxicology and Prevention, at the Cancer Research Institute, now Clinical Department for Internal Medicine I. 1991 founding of the Austrian Toxicology Association (<span class=\"caps\">ASTOX<\/span>), since then Chairman of <span class=\"caps\">ASTOX<\/span>, Director of other scientific associations, Director\/Member of numerous ministerial and EU commissions, consultant to <span class=\"caps\">IARC<\/span>&#8211;<span class=\"caps\">WHO<\/span> Lyon, <span class=\"caps\">EMEA<\/span>, Nat. Acad. Sc, <span class=\"caps\">USA<\/span>. 240 publications in peer review journals, a further approx. 200 book contributions including a chapter for toxicology and oncology textbooks. Founder and Head of the University Study Programs for Toxicology (since 1993).<br><br>\r\n\r\n\r\n\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <\/section>\n\n    <section class=\"related-articles u-background-white article-related-articles\">\n                \n                            \n                \n        <h3 class=\"related-articles__title u-text-center\">\n            Up next&#8230;\n        <\/h3>\n\n        <div class=\"container related-articles__container\">\n                                                                            <div class=\"article-preview article-preview--standard_altern u-hover-state\">\n    <div class=\"article-preview__columns article-preview__columns--standard_altern\">\n        <div class=\"article-preview__column article-preview__column--standard_altern\">\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/www.allencarr.com\/en-us\/articles\/sainsburys-and-morrisons-told-to-stop-tobacco-ads\/\" alt=\"article url\">\n                <div 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src=\"https:\/\/allen-carr-live.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/15164330\/Quitting-Smoking-Health-1.jpg\"\n             srcset=\"https:\/\/allen-carr-live.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/15164330\/Quitting-Smoking-Health-1.jpg 360w,\n             https:\/\/allen-carr-live.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/15164330\/Quitting-Smoking-Health-1.jpg 768w,\n             https:\/\/allen-carr-live.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/15164330\/Quitting-Smoking-Health-1.jpg 1440w,\n             https:\/\/allen-carr-live.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/15164330\/Quitting-Smoking-Health-1.jpg 2000w\"\n             alt=\"Woman experiencing the beneficial effects of stopping smoking.\"\n               \/>                                    <\/div>\n            <\/a>\n        <\/div>\n\n        <div class=\"article-preview__column article-preview__column--standard_altern\">\n            <div class=\"article-preview__post-info article-preview__post-info--standard_altern\">\n                <div class=\"article-preview__taxonomy-terms\">\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/www.allencarr.com\/en-us\/articles\/addictions\/smoking\/smoking-health\/\" class=\"type-category term-primary\" alt=\"category term\">\n                            Smoking Health\n                        <\/a>\n                                    <\/div>\n\n                <div class=\"article-preview__date-wrap\">\n                    <span>\n                        November 2024\n                    <\/span>\n                <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n\n            <div class=\"article-preview__title-wrap\">\n                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.allencarr.com\/en-us\/easyway-stop-smoking\/effects-quitting-smoking\/\" alt=\"article url\">\n                    <h3 class=\"article-preview__title\">\n            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Therapies<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[645,693,689,648,704,705],"tags":[],"addiction":[28,32],"country":[],"class_list":["post-147289","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-smoking","category-smoking-facts","category-smoking-health","category-vaping","category-vaping-facts","category-vaping-health"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Smoker\/Nicotine Replacement Therapies - Allen Carr&#039;s Easyway<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Smoker\/Nicotine Replacement Therapies\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" 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